{"id":272952,"date":"2026-10-14T22:57:00","date_gmt":"2026-10-15T01:57:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.em.com.br\/emfoco\/?p=272952"},"modified":"2026-10-13T13:37:02","modified_gmt":"2026-10-13T16:37:02","slug":"tigelas-e-potes-de-8-mil-anos-preservaram-proteinas-que-ajudaram-pesquisadores-a-identificar-a-producao-de-queijo","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.em.com.br\/emfoco\/2026\/10\/14\/tigelas-e-potes-de-8-mil-anos-preservaram-proteinas-que-ajudaram-pesquisadores-a-identificar-a-producao-de-queijo\/","title":{"rendered":"Tigelas e potes de 8 mil anos preservaram prote\u00ednas que ajudaram pesquisadores a identificar a produ\u00e7\u00e3o de queijo"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"emf-summary google-auto-ads-ignore\">\n  <style>\n    .emf-summary {\n      --emf-navy:#00245a;\n      --emf-navy-soft:#0b3b70;\n      --emf-ink:#1d2731;\n      --emf-muted:#66727e;\n      --emf-line:#d7dde5;\n      --emf-paper:#ffffff;\n      --emf-wash:#f4f6f8;\n      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.emf-summary-logo {\n        inline-size:52px;\n        block-size:52px;\n        flex-basis:52px;\n      }\n\n      .emf-summary-logo img {\n        inline-size:41px;\n        block-size:41px;\n        max-inline-size:41px;\n        max-block-size:41px;\n      }\n\n      .emf-summary-title {\n        font-size:22px;\n      }\n\n      .emf-summary-card {\n        padding:21px 16px 18px;\n      }\n    }\n  <\/style>\n\n  <div class=\"emf-summary-brand\">\n    <div class=\"emf-summary-logo\">\n      <img\n        alt=\"Logo EM Foco\"\n        decoding=\"async\"\n        fetchpriority=\"high\"\n        height=\"46\"\n        loading=\"eager\"\n        referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"\n        src=\"https:\/\/www.em.com.br\/emfoco\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/em_transparente_3000px-scaled.png\"\n        width=\"46\"\n      >\n    <\/div>\n\n    <div>\n      <div class=\"emf-summary-eyebrow\">EM FOCO<\/div>\n      <div class=\"emf-summary-title\">Resumo da mat\u00e9ria<\/div>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/div>\n\n  <div class=\"emf-summary-grid\">\n    <div class=\"emf-summary-card\">\n      <span aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"emf-summary-number\">01<\/span>\n      <div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"emf-summary-card-title\" role=\"heading\">\n        Res\u00edduos antigos\n      <\/div>\n      <div class=\"emf-summary-card-text\">\n        Recipientes usados h\u00e1 cerca de oito mil anos preservaram dep\u00f3sitos no interior, que guardavam vest\u00edgios de diferentes alimentos da \u00e9poca.\n      <\/div>\n      <div class=\"emf-summary-card-meta\">\n        \u00c7atalh\u00f6y\u00fck\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"emf-summary-card\">\n      <span aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"emf-summary-number\">02<\/span>\n      <div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"emf-summary-card-title\" role=\"heading\">\n        Soro e coalhada\n      <\/div>\n      <div class=\"emf-summary-card-text\">\n        As an\u00e1lises identificaram prote\u00ednas ligadas a partes diferentes do leite e ajudaram a estudar como alimentos l\u00e1cteos eram processados.\n      <\/div>\n      <div class=\"emf-summary-card-meta\">\n        Latic\u00ednios\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"emf-summary-card\">\n      <span aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"emf-summary-number\">03<\/span>\n      <div aria-level=\"3\" class=\"emf-summary-card-title\" role=\"heading\">\n        Cozinha revelada\n      <\/div>\n      <div class=\"emf-summary-card-text\">\n        Al\u00e9m de produtos do leite, os vasos trouxeram pistas sobre cereais, leguminosas e carne consumidos por antigos agricultores.\n      <\/div>\n      <div class=\"emf-summary-card-meta\">\n        Alimenta\u00e7\u00e3o\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tigelas e potes de <strong>8 mil anos<\/strong> encontrados em \u00c7atalh\u00f6y\u00fck, na Turquia, preservaram prote\u00ednas alimentares. Um estudo de 2018 identificou res\u00edduos de leite, soro e coalhada que ajudam a investigar a produ\u00e7\u00e3o antiga de queijo. Os mesmos vasos tamb\u00e9m guardavam pistas de cereais e carnes consumidos pelos antigos moradores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Onde foram encontrados os recipientes com prote\u00ednas antigas?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Os recipientes vieram de <a href=\"https:\/\/pt.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%C3%87atalh%C3%BCy%C3%BCk\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><strong>\u00c7atalh\u00f6y\u00fck<\/strong><\/a>, antigo assentamento localizado na atual Turquia. A equipe estudou fragmentos de tigelas e potes do setor oeste do s\u00edtio, usados por volta de 5900 a 5800 antes de Cristo, quando a comunidade j\u00e1 cultivava alimentos e criava animais.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">O estudo publicado na <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41467-018-06335-6\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><strong>Nature Communications<\/strong><\/a> examinou crostas antigas grudadas no interior da cer\u00e2mica. Elas pareciam simples dep\u00f3sitos, mas conservavam <strong>prote\u00ednas alimentares<\/strong> capazes de revelar produtos que haviam sido colocados nos recipientes muito antes dos m\u00e9todos de an\u00e1lise atuais.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/www.em.com.br\/emfoco\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/leite3-1-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-272982\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.em.com.br\/emfoco\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/leite3-1-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.em.com.br\/emfoco\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/leite3-1-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.em.com.br\/emfoco\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/leite3-1-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.em.com.br\/emfoco\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/leite3-1-750x421.jpg 750w, https:\/\/www.em.com.br\/emfoco\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/leite3-1-1140x641.jpg 1140w, https:\/\/www.em.com.br\/emfoco\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/leite3-1.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">A an\u00e1lise dos recipientes mostra como a ci\u00eancia consegue identificar alimentos que desapareceram h\u00e1 muito tempo. &#8211; IMAGEM ILUSTRATIVA<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Como o soro e a coalhada apareceram nos exames?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Os pesquisadores retiraram pequenas amostras dos res\u00edduos e procuraram <strong>fragmentos de prote\u00ednas<\/strong>. Essas mol\u00e9culas podem resistir em dep\u00f3sitos minerais preservados dentro dos potes. Com equipamentos de laborat\u00f3rio, foi poss\u00edvel comparar seus sinais com os de alimentos e animais conhecidos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A equipe identificou prote\u00ednas associadas ao <strong>leite<\/strong>, incluindo sinais de <strong>soro e coalhada<\/strong> em recipientes diferentes. Essa separa\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 relevante porque o processamento do leite pode produzir partes s\u00f3lidas e l\u00edquidas, oferecendo pistas sobre m\u00e9todos antigos de preparo de alimentos l\u00e1cteos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">O que esses resultados dizem sobre o queijo pr\u00e9-hist\u00f3rico?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A pesquisa sustenta a interpreta\u00e7\u00e3o de que havia <strong>processamento de latic\u00ednios<\/strong> em \u00c7atalh\u00f6y\u00fck, possivelmente envolvendo etapas semelhantes \u00e0s usadas para produzir queijo. A presen\u00e7a de soro e coalhada \u00e9 importante, mas n\u00e3o revela o formato, o sabor ou a consist\u00eancia de um queijo pronto.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">O exame das prote\u00ednas ajuda a reconstruir t\u00e9cnicas de cozinha que n\u00e3o aparecem em receitas escritas. Mesmo assim, os vest\u00edgios n\u00e3o permitem afirmar que todos os potes guardaram queijo nem que existia um m\u00e9todo \u00fanico. A conclus\u00e3o depende da <strong>combina\u00e7\u00e3o de diferentes sinais qu\u00edmicos<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"myth-list-bridge wp-block-paragraph\">A seguir listamos <strong>tr\u00eas evid\u00eancias do processamento do leite<\/strong> que ajudam a entender melhor as evid\u00eancias:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list myth-bullet-list\">\n<li><strong>Prote\u00ednas l\u00e1cteas<\/strong>: Res\u00edduos preservados mostram a presen\u00e7a de alimentos feitos com leite.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Soro<\/strong>: Componentes l\u00edquidos do leite apareceram em parte dos recipientes.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Coalhada<\/strong>: Prote\u00ednas ligadas \u00e0 parte s\u00f3lida ajudam a estudar t\u00e9cnicas de preparo.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/www.em.com.br\/emfoco\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/leite4-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-272983\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.em.com.br\/emfoco\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/leite4-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.em.com.br\/emfoco\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/leite4-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.em.com.br\/emfoco\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/leite4-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.em.com.br\/emfoco\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/leite4-750x421.jpg 750w, https:\/\/www.em.com.br\/emfoco\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/leite4-1140x641.jpg 1140w, https:\/\/www.em.com.br\/emfoco\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/leite4.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">O achado oferece novas pistas sobre a rela\u00e7\u00e3o dos primeiros grupos humanos com os produtos feitos de leite. &#8211; IMAGEM ILUSTRATIVA<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Leia tamb\u00e9m: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.em.com.br\/emfoco\/2026\/10\/13\/restos-de-pao-de-14-400-anos-revelaram-que-humanos-ja-preparavam-esse-alimento-cerca-de-4-mil-anos-antes-da-agricultura\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Restos de p\u00e3o de 14.400 anos revelaram que humanos j\u00e1 preparavam esse alimento cerca de 4 mil anos antes da agricultura<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Que outros alimentos deixaram vest\u00edgios nos potes?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Os recipientes tamb\u00e9m guardavam prote\u00ednas relacionadas a <strong>trigo e cevada<\/strong>, duas plantas cultivadas, al\u00e9m de ervilhas e outras leguminosas. Alguns fragmentos apontavam para <strong>carnes e produtos animais<\/strong>. Isso mostra uma alimenta\u00e7\u00e3o mais variada do que aquela sugerida somente pelos vest\u00edgios de gordura.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Alguns vasos concentravam sinais de alimentos espec\u00edficos, enquanto outros continham misturas. Isso pode indicar usos diferentes ou v\u00e1rias prepara\u00e7\u00f5es ao longo do tempo. As <strong>marcas invis\u00edveis no interior das pe\u00e7as<\/strong> ajudam a reconstruir h\u00e1bitos sem depender de encontrar alimentos inteiros conservados.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"myth-html-bridge wp-block-paragraph\">A seguir listamos <strong>quatro grupos de alimentos identificados<\/strong> que resumem as diferen\u00e7as importantes:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"emf-data-table google-auto-ads-ignore\">\n  <style>\n    .emf-data-table {\n      --emf-navy:#00245a;\n      --emf-navy-soft:#0b3b70;\n      --emf-ink:#1d2731;\n      --emf-muted:#66727e;\n      --emf-line:#d7dde5;\n      --emf-wash:#f4f6f8;\n      box-sizing:border-box!important;\n      inline-size:min(1100px,100%)!important;\n      max-inline-size:100%!important;\n      margin-inline:auto!important;\n      overflow:hidden!important;\n      color:var(--emf-ink);\n      background:#fff;\n      border:1px solid var(--emf-line);\n      border-radius:6px!important;\n      box-shadow:0 8px 24px rgba(0,36,90,.08);\n      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tbody tr:hover td {\n        display:grid!important;\n        grid-template-columns:minmax(105px,38%) minmax(0,1fr)!important;\n        align-items:start;\n        gap:11px;\n        padding:11px 12px!important;\n        background:#fff!important;\n        border-block-end:1px solid #e2e7ec!important;\n      }\n\n      .emf-data-table td::before {\n        content:attr(data-label);\n        color:var(--emf-muted);\n        font-size:10px;\n        font-weight:700;\n        letter-spacing:.06em;\n        line-height:1.35;\n        text-transform:uppercase;\n      }\n\n      .emf-data-table td:first-child {\n        color:var(--emf-navy)!important;\n        background:#edf1f5!important;\n      }\n\n      .emf-data-table td:last-child {\n        border-block-end:0!important;\n      }\n    }\n  <\/style>\n\n  <div class=\"emf-data-table-brand\">\n    <div class=\"emf-data-table-logo\">\n      <img\n        alt=\"Logo EM Foco\"\n        decoding=\"async\"\n        height=\"41\"\n        loading=\"lazy\"\n        referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"\n        src=\"https:\/\/www.em.com.br\/emfoco\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/em_transparente_3000px-scaled.png\"\n        width=\"41\"\n      >\n    <\/div>\n\n    <div>\n      <div class=\"emf-data-table-kicker\">DADOS EM FOCO<\/div>\n      <div class=\"emf-data-table-title\">Alimentos preservados na cer\u00e2mica<\/div>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/div>\n\n  <div aria-label=\"Alimentos preservados na cer\u00e2mica\" class=\"emf-data-table-scroll\" role=\"region\" tabindex=\"0\">\n    <table>\n      <caption>Quadro dos grupos alimentares identificados nas tigelas e potes de \u00c7atalh\u00f6y\u00fck<\/caption>\n      <thead>\n        <tr>\n          <th scope=\"col\">Grupo<\/th>\n          <th scope=\"col\">Vest\u00edgio encontrado<\/th>\n          <th scope=\"col\">O que indica<\/th>\n        <\/tr>\n      <\/thead>\n      <tbody>\n        <tr>\n          <td data-label=\"Grupo\">Leite<\/td>\n          <td data-label=\"Vest\u00edgio encontrado\">Prote\u00ednas l\u00e1cteas<\/td>\n          <td data-label=\"O que indica\">Uso de produtos animais<\/td>\n        <\/tr>\n        <tr>\n          <td data-label=\"Grupo\">Soro e coalhada<\/td>\n          <td data-label=\"Vest\u00edgio encontrado\">Prote\u00ednas distintas<\/td>\n          <td data-label=\"O que indica\">Poss\u00edvel preparo de queijo<\/td>\n        <\/tr>\n        <tr>\n          <td data-label=\"Grupo\">Cereais<\/td>\n          <td data-label=\"Vest\u00edgio encontrado\">Trigo e cevada<\/td>\n          <td data-label=\"O que indica\">Alimentos vegetais<\/td>\n        <\/tr>\n        <tr>\n          <td data-label=\"Grupo\">Leguminosas<\/td>\n          <td data-label=\"Vest\u00edgio encontrado\">Ervilhas e similares<\/td>\n          <td data-label=\"O que indica\">Card\u00e1pio diversificado<\/td>\n        <\/tr>\n      <\/tbody>\n    <\/table>\n  <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Por que conservar res\u00edduos de cer\u00e2mica virou t\u00e3o importante?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Antes de an\u00e1lises como essa, parte das crostas de vasos podia ser retirada durante a limpeza das pe\u00e7as. O trabalho mostra que esses res\u00edduos s\u00e3o <strong>fontes de informa\u00e7\u00e3o<\/strong>, porque guardam prote\u00ednas que permitem reconhecer ingredientes mesmo depois de milhares de anos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Em \u00c7atalh\u00f6y\u00fck, os pequenos dep\u00f3sitos revelaram leite, cereais, leguminosas e sinais de processamento que podem estar ligados ao queijo. Preservar essas crostas significa guardar <strong>pistas sobre uma cozinha pr\u00e9-hist\u00f3rica<\/strong>, ainda que muitos detalhes do preparo e do consumo permane\u00e7am desconhecidos.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>EM FOCO Resumo da mat\u00e9ria 01 Res\u00edduos antigos Recipientes usados h\u00e1 cerca de oito mil anos preservaram dep\u00f3sitos no interior, que guardavam vest\u00edgios de diferentes alimentos da \u00e9poca. \u00c7atalh\u00f6y\u00fck 02 Soro e coalhada As an\u00e1lises identificaram prote\u00ednas ligadas a partes diferentes do leite e ajudaram a estudar como alimentos l\u00e1cteos eram processados. Latic\u00ednios 03 Cozinha [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":30,"featured_media":272980,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jnews-multi-image_gallery":[],"jnews_single_post":{"format":"standard"},"jnews_primary_category":[],"jnews_social_meta":[],"jnews_override_counter":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[8819],"tags":[675,28246,470,9922],"class_list":["post-272952","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-curiosidades","tag-arqueologia","tag-pre-historia","tag-queijo","tag-turquia"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Tigelas e potes de 8 mil anos preservaram prote\u00ednas que ajudaram pesquisadores a identificar a produ\u00e7\u00e3o de queijo - Estado de Minas - Em foco<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Prote\u00ednas preservadas em potes antigos revelaram sinais de produ\u00e7\u00e3o de queijo. 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